((Page 1))
Part 1 (Page 1-23)
((In Anglo-saxon extracts "th" represented by %, "sh" by $.))
Crondal to Ethelm his nephew. It is headed Here follows the Will of the
glorious Alfred, beloved of God: first in the Saxon tongue, next in English,
and thirdly in Latin."
((1.)) And AE%elme mines bro%er suna $one ham aet Ealding burnam, and aet
Cum tune, and aet Crundellan, and aet Beadingum, and aet Beadinga hamme, and
aet Burn ham, and aet Thunres felda, and aet AEscengum.
((2.)) And to Athelme, my brotherys sone, I grawnt the twune of
Eleyngburne, and of Kumptune, and of Krundele, and of Bedyngum, and of
Bedyngham, and of Burnham, and of Thunresfeld, and of Aschengum.
((3.)) Athelmo, vero, fratris mei filio, de villam de Eldyngburne, et de
Cumptune, et de Crundele, et de Bedyngun, et de Bedyngham, et de Burnham, et
de Thunresfeld, et de Aschengum.
Modern Translation of the Anglo-Saxon copy.
And to Ethelm, my brother (Ethelbert)'s son, I grant the vill of
Aldingbourne ((in Sussex)), and that of Compton {1. This may be Compton near
Farnham. "Petrus de Bidon tenet feodum unius militis in Cumtone, in Manerio
de Farnham," occurs in 1243, in a List of the knights' fees belonging to the
Bishoprick.} ((? also in Sussex)), and ((Page 2)) that of Crondal ((in Hampshire)),
and of Beeding ((in Sussex)), and of Beadingham ((? Bedminster in Sussex)), and of
Barnham ((in Sussex)), and of Thunderfield and of Eashing ((both in Surrey)).
Series).
The Anglo-Saxon extract has been collated with the Hyde Abbey Register.
MS. Stowe, 960, which contains the earliest known copy of the Will, to which
Mr. Edwards was refused access, and Mr. Kemble also was not allowed to see it.
A.D. 925-940. The Will of Bishop AElfsige.{1. It is not unlikely that this is
the Will made by Bishop AElfsige, on his leaving the diocese by reason of his
translation to the Archiepiscopal See of Canterbury in 958. Mr. Edwards calls
it the Will of "AEfsige, a bishop," as if he was merely a coadjutor bishop, -
but the legacies are too important. AElfsige became Bishop of Winchester in
951. The dates assigned by Mr. Edwards as being within the period of this
Will are of course conjectural. The Archbishop-Elect in going to Rome for the
pallium was frozen to death on the Alps.}
Dis is AElfsiges biscopes cwide: %aewt is %onne aerest, %aet ic wille
%aet man gefreoge aelcne wite%eowne mannan %e on %am biscoprice sie, for hine
and for his cynehiaford; and ((ic gean)) minum cynehiaford mine heregeatya and
%aes landes tet Tantune %e he me aer to let, and ic gean %es landes aet
Crundelan, ofer mine daeg, AElfheage, and ofer his daeg gange hit in to ealden
mynstere, and ic gean minum maegenafan %es landes Anne his daeg, and ofer his
daeg in to Niwan mynstere; and %es landes aet %an twan Wor%ingum minre magan
%a hwile %e hyre lif bi%, and si%%an minre swistre and minum maegenafan
aeg%er go %ara landa, ge %aes aet Cleran, and %a o%erra ealra %e mine faeder
ahte; and %es landes aet Tioceburnan Wlfrice Cufing his daeg, and ofer his
daeg in to ealdun mynstore, and %es landes aet Runcwuda swa hit aer
gecweden waes to ealdun mynstere; and AElfwige %aes landes aet Ciltrigtune,
ofer %aere wuduwan daeg; and Wlfrice aet Wicham %aes aet Laetanlia. Donne
bidde ic minnan leofan freond AElfheah %aet ((%u)) be wite aeg%er ge %a land ge
%a %e mine magas sien; and %aet %u no ge%afige %aet man %is on aenig o%er
waende. gif hit %onne hwa do God hine fordo, ge mid sawle go mid lichoman, ge
her go on %an to feondan, butan Ic hit self on o%er wiende.{2. This is
followed by a copy in mediaeval English, and by a copy or Explanatio in lingua
Latina. It is only necessary to quote from these two versions the sentence
referring to Crondal:- "And I gyve the londis at Crundal, aftyr my day, to
Elfege, and aftyr hys day go hyt in to the Olde Monasterye at Wynchester." -
"Et insuper de terras illas apud Crundele, post obitum meum, Elphego, et post
obitum suum, transeant in jus veteris Monasterii Wyntoniae.}
Liber de Hyda, edit. Edwards, p. 133.
A.D. 925-940. This is the Will of AELFSIGE the Bishop:- That is then,
first, that I will that every man who hath been condemned to serfdom, in ((Page
3)) the Bishoprick (whether on his own account, or on account of his Lord the
King) be set free. And ((I grant)) to my Lord the King my heriots, and the land
at Taunton that he granted to me. And I grant the land at Crundele, after my
life, to AELFHEAH, and after his life let it go to the Old Monastery ((at
Winchester)). And I grant to my nephew the land at Anne, for his life, and
after his life to the New Monastery ((at Winchester)). And the land at the two
Worthys to my kinswoman for so long as her life shall be; and afterwards, let
that land, and the land at Clere, and all the other that my father owned, go
to my sister and to my nephew. And the land at Tichborne to WLFRIC CUFING for
his life, and after his life to the Old Monastery ((at Winchester.)) And the
land at Ringwood ((also)) to the Old Monastery, as it was formerly bequeathed.
And to AELFWIG the land at Chilton after the life of the widow. And to WLFRIC
of Wickham the land at Letley. Then pray I thee, my beloved friend AElfheah,
that thou be guardian as well of ((the disposition of)) these lands, as of those
who are my relations; and that thou do not suffer that any one turn this
((i.e., these bequests)) in any other wise. If any one so do, may God destroy
him, both in soul and body, both here and in the life to come; unless I myself
turn it otherwise ((i.e., unless I revoke or alter this my Will)).
Ibid. p. 343.
Her is geswutelod an %is gewrite hu Alfheah ealdorman his ewidae
gecwae%en haef% be his cynehlafordaes ge%afuncge. Daet is %onnae aeraest, %aet
he gean his Drihtne, for his sawlie %earfae, %ies landaes aet AElaendune and
%aes aet Crundelom to ealdan mynstaere to Winticeastre; and %aera twaentiga
hida aet Ceorlatunae into Mealdaemaesbyrig; and %aer fiftyna hida aet Su%tuno
into Ba%an.{1. As the remainder of this Will contains no further reference to
Crondal, there is no for its continuation here, beyond noticing that he gives
to AElfhere, his brother, the land at Faringdon and at Aldingbourn (aet
Faerndunae and aet Ealdincburnan). It is noteworthy that Ealdingburnan, as
well as Crundel, occur in King Alfred's bequests to his nephew, Ethelm. The
testator also gives to Elfwine, his sister's son, the land at Froxfield (aet
Froxafelda), and it is presumed that this refers to Froxfield in Hampshire.}
Translation. Here is made known, by this writing, how Elfeah ealdorman
has declared his testament, with the permission of his royal lord. That then
is first, that he gives to his Lord, for his soul's welfare, the land at
Ellendon and that at Crondal, to the Old Monastery at Winchester; and the
twenty hides at Charlton to Malmesbury, and the hides at Sutton to Bath.....
The concluding words are:- And of this permission which the king has granted
me, are to witness Elfthryth, the king's wife, and Athelwold ((Page 4)) bishop,
and Elfhere ealdorman, and Ethelwine ealdorman, and Elfwine, and Escwig abbat.
Thorpe's Diplomatarium Anglicum aevi Saxonici, p. 526 From the
Winchester Codex, fol. 93. Add. MS. 15350.
The Register of John de Pontissara, Bishop of Winchester, 1282-1304, fol.
160b, contains a list of "The names of the founders and benefactors of the
Church of Winchester and of the monks there serving God;" and it records that
"Elphegus praefectus (dedit) Crundal cum pertinenciis." There is a similar
list in Bishop Langton's Register (1493-1500), fol. 48:- "Ephelgus praefectus
dedit Crondale."
REGNANTE Domino nostro Jhesu Chisto inperpetuum! Siquidem insertim
voluminibus largitur quorum praeclaris satisque salutaribus cotidie instruimur
oraculis, hoc solum superesse homini in omni labore suo quod laborat sub sole,
et in cunctis quae possidet diebus vanitatis suae; siquidem in elemosinarum
largitate piis intentus operibus expenderet, proximorumque communicando
necessitatibus pro possibilitate virium, faciat sibi secundum Salvatoris
praeceptum amicos de mammona iniquitatis qui eum recipiant in aeterna
tabernacula. Qua de re ego Eadgar totius Albionis Basileus quandam ruris
portionem, XLV cassatos, in loco celebri qui Crundelas noto appellatur
vocabulo, evolutis XVII annis postquam totius nationis Anglicae regimen
suscepi, attamen primo meae regiae dedicationis, aecclesiae reverendae
Trinitatis, Petro Pauloque ejus co-apostolo Wentanae civitate almifice
dedicatae, pro facinorum meorum ac filiorum totius regni profectu, ad usus
monachorum inibi degentium aeterna largitus sum haereditate. Sit autem
praedictum rus onmi terrenae servitutis jugo liberum tribus exceptis, rata
videlicet expeditione, pontis ((arcisve)) restauracione. Si quis igitur hanc
nostram donationem in aliud quam constituimus transferre voluerit, privatus
consortio sanctae Dei aecelesiae aeternis baratri incendiis lugubris jugiter
cum Juda Christi proditore ejusque complicibus puniatur, si non satisfactione
emendaverit congrua quod contra nostrum deliquit decretum. His metis rus hoc
gyratur.
AErest of isenhyrste gate on slah%or weg, %onon on %one nor%maestan weg,
%aet on AE%eredes hagan aet Wi%ighamme; for% on %a mearce in %a tigehernan;
for% andlang mearce on Gisteardeswylle; %onon andlang mearce on %aet wottreow
aet %aere baran fyrh%e; %onnon on %et faestergeat, swa on %et deope del; %onon
on Icaeles aewilmas to AE%edbrihtes ((Page 5)) mearce aet Ylfethamme; %onon ut
on %one hae%feld on fugelmere; swa on bromhyrate; %aet andland burnan on
Bedecanlea %onon ofer ealne %aere hae%feld up to Hnaefes scylfe; %anan west
and land mearce to strete; %aet west to Ceolbrihtes stane %aet west on %a
festaen dic; was on %a mearce on eferaes cumb; %aet andlang mearce on mules
fen; %aet on Duddan broc andlang straemes on Brydanford; %aet on Fearnleaford;
swa inon AEscaesslew; for% andlang streames inon hrunigfealles waet; %onon
andlang streames op to aemices oran; %aet andlang weges to %aere wulfruscan,
%onan for% to %on hae%felheale; andlang mearce on %et higgeat; %on on Lilles
beam; %onan for% on %a mearce to Beonetlegae gaemaere; swa on %one haedenan
byrgels; donan west on %a mearce %aer AElfstan li% on hae%enan byrgels; %aet
on Badecan daene, swa for% on Sibbes weg; %onan Wulfstanes mearce aet
Weargeburnan; %on on Cannaen dene westewearde; %on on Pattan dene westwearde;
%on on Heglea to Ceoleages treowe; %on for% on %a dupan furh %aer
Deoccaberena stodan; swa in on Wifaeles maere, %aet in on %one tobrocaenan
beorh; swa on Hamstedes wyllas nor%ewearde; %on est in on isenhyrstem geat.
Ego Eadgar, rex totius Brittanniae, praesentem donationem cum signo
sanctae cricis confirmavi +. Ego Dunstan Dorvernensis aecclesiae
archiepiscopus ejusdem regis donationem cum triumpho agiae crucis consignavi
+. Ego AElfstan Lundoniensis aecclesiae episcopus consignavi +. Ego AE%delwold
Wintoniensis aecclesiae episcopus confirmavi +. Ego AElfstan episcopus +
roboravi. Ego AElfric + abbas. Ego Osgar + abbas. Ego AE%elgar + abbas. Ego
AElfhaere + dux. Ego AE%elwine + dux. Ego Oslac + dux. {1. The crosses are not
inserted in the MS, but a space is left after each name for their insertion,
with the intention probably of inserting them in gold.}
Codex Winton, fol 114 (116), Add MS 15350.
The gift of King Edgar of Crundel to the Old Monastery.
A.D. 976. OUR Lord Jesus Christ reigning for over! Inasmuch as
we read in the volumes by whose precious and most salutary words we are daily
taught, that this only remains to man of all his work in this world and of all
his possessions in the days of his vanity, if intent on good works he shall
have expended anything in alms-deeds and in ministering to the necessities of
his neighbours as far as his resources allow, to make for himself according to
our Saviour's precepts friends of the mammon of iniquity who may receive him
into the eternal tabernacles. Wherefore I, Edgar, ruler of all Albion, have
granted to the church of the Venerated Trinity, lovingly dedicated to Peter
and his co-apostle Paul, in the city of Winchester, as a perpetual pension for
the support of the monks dwelling therein, for ((the propitiation)) of my sins
and those of ((Page 6)) my sons, and of the people of the entire kingdom, as a
perpetual possession, a certain portion of land, forty five cassates, in the
famous place which is called by the well known name Crundel, seventeen years
having passed since I obtained the rule of the entire English nation, but in
the first year of my royal coronation. Let the aforesaid territory be free
from the burden of all land service, three kinds excepted, namely warlike
expeditions duly sanctioned, the repair of bridges and fortresses. If
therefore any one shall wish to transfer this our gift to any other purpose
than that to which we have appointed, may he be deprived of membership of the
holy church of God and punished in the eternal fires of doleful hell together
with Judas the betrayer of Christ and his accomplices, if he shall not have
made due satisfaction for what he has offended against our decree. The land
is encircled by these boundaries.
First, from Isenhurst gate to blackthorn way, then to the northernmost
way, and so to Ethelrede's park at Withigham; thence to the boundary into the
brickkilns; thence along the boundary to Gistearde's well; thence along the
boundary to the Witantree at the cleared firwood; thence to that strong gate,
so to the deep dell; thence to the springs of the (river) Icel to
Ethelbrihte's boundary at Ylfetham; thence out upon the heathfield to
Fugelmere, so to Bromhurst and along the bourn to Bedecanley, thence over all
the heathfield up to Hnaef's shelf; thence west along the boundary to the
road; thence west to Coelbrihte's stone and so west to the main dike, so to
the boundary to Everscombe; thence along the boundary to Mules fen, thence to
Dudda's brook and along the stream to Bryda's ford, thence to Fearnleyford, so
into Escesslew; thence along the stream into Runingfealle's swamp, thence
along the stream up to Emice's bank; thence along the way to the Wulfrusca's,
thence forth to the Heathfield hall ; and along the boundary to the highgate,
then to Lilles beam, thence forth upon the boundary to Bentley boundary; so on
to the heathen burial-place; thence west to the boundary where Elfstan lieth
in heathen burial; thence to Badeca's dean (i.e. hollow), so forth to Sibbe's
way, thence to Wulfstane's boundary at Weargeburn; then to Cannen dean at its
west end, then to Pattingdean at its west end; then to Hegley towards
Ceolege's tree, then forth to the deep furrow where the Deocca-barns stood; so
into Wifele's boundary, thence into the broken hill (i.e. landslip), so to
Hamsted wells on their north side, then again to Isenhurst gate.
I Edgar, King of all Britain confirm the present donation with the sign
of the holy cross +. I, Dunstan, archbishop of the church of Canterbury have
confirmed the donation of the same King with the trophy of the holy cross +.
I, Elfstan Bishop of the church of London have ((Page 7)) confirmed it +. I,
Ethelwold Bishop of the church of Winchester have confirmed it +. I Elfstan,
Bishop, + have confirmed it. I Elfric, + Abbat. I Osgar, + Abbat. I
Ethelgar, + Abbat. I Elfhere, + Duke. I Ethelwine, + Duke. I Oslac, + Duke.
Cathedral.
((A.D. 979.)) QUIA mortalis vitae fragilitas mutando cotidie marceseit, et
rotunda saeculorum volubilitas tabescendo evanescit, orthodoxorum monitis
erudimur, ut his recidivis aeternase vitae beatitudinem adipisci mercando
seduli studeamus. Ego, igitur, AF%elred, totius Brittanniae Basileus, quandam
ruris particulam, V videlicet cassatos, in loco qui celebri aet Su%tune
nuncupatur vocabulo, episcopo nomine AE%elwoldo mihi carissimo perpetua
largitus sum haereditate; ut aecclesiae Dei cui praeest, Petro et Paulo
dicatae civitate Wintoniae perpetualiter deserviat, ita ut nullus successorum
meorum ipsius terrae portionem ab aecclesia Dei praesumptuosus auferat;
praesertim cum hoc rus primum sit quod post nostram regalem dedicationem
Domino nostro Jhesu Christo quasi donorum primitias largitus sim; praefata
siquidem telluris portio ruri quod Crundelas nuncupatur quondam subjecta
fuerat, quam devotus restituens, uti prius Eadredus Rex ac deinde pater meus
Eadgar egerant, novis literarum apicibus, ut adunate quinquaginta existerent
mansae, Domini opitulante gratia consolidare curavi; has quinque quas ego ad
supplementum addo mansas AE%elbriht quidam aeconomus patri meo jure concessit
haereditario, sed territorii carta vel potius furtim ablata si quopiam reperta
fuerit aecclesiae Dei restituatur, ista tamen ad nostri memoriam in aeternum
vigente. Sit autum praedictum rus, cum certis ac cognitis territoriis, omni
terrenae servitutis jugo liberum, tribus exceptis, rata videlicet expeditione,
pontis artcisve restauratione. Si quis igitur hanc donationem in aliud quam
constituimus transferre voluerit, privatus a consortio sanctae Dei aecclesiae,
aeternis barati incendiis lugubris jugiter cum Juda Christi proditore ejusque
complicibus, puniatur si non satisfactione emendaverit congrua quod contra
nostrum deliquit decretum. Anno Dominicae Incarnationis DCCCC LXXIX scripta
est haec carta, hiis testibus consentientibus quorum nomina caraxantur.
Dis synd %ara fif hida landgemaeru to Su%tune. AErest on Wifeles meer,
%aet adune to %am slede; andlangas sledes syx aecera braede, %et up be healfan
furlange be riht landmearce to abrocenan beorge; of %am beorge ut on straet;
andlang straete on %a maere slade; of %an ((Page 8)) slade innan Witmundes lea,
%anne be wurtruman anlanges wudes to %aere hwitan dic; fram %aere hwitan dic
to Effanhamme, %anan on Trundlesham ni%ewearde; of Trundleshamme to aeces
denes geate; of %am geate to Gistraeldes wille; fram %an wille to Hemstedes
geate; fram Haemstedes geate for% bi straet eft to Wifies maere.
Ego AE%elred rex praefatam donationem concessi +. Ego Dunstan
Dorovernensis aecclesiae archiepiscopus consignavi +. Ego Oswold
archiepiscopus confirmavi +. Ego AE%edwold episcopus corroboravi +. Ego
AElf%ri% + regina. Ego Osgar + abbas. Ego Godwine + abbas.{1. There are no
crosses in MS., but a space has been left after each name for their insertion,
as previously noted.}
Codex Winton, fol. 112(114), Add. MS. 15350.
A. D. 979. SINCE the frailty of human life is daily enfeebled by change,
and the full course of ages vanishes in decay, we are taught by the warnings
of the orthodox (teachers) to endeavour industriously by means of these
transitory things to purchase the happiness of eternal life. Therefore, I,
Ethelred, ruler of all Britain, have given in perpetuity a certain piece of
land, namely five cassates, in the famous place at Suthtune, to the bishop
most dear to me, called Ethelwold, that it may for ever be profitable to God's
church dedicated to Peter and Paul in the city of Winchester, over which he
rules; in such wise that none of my successors may presume to take away that
portion of land from God's church: more especially since this domain is the
first which since our royal coronation, I have given to our Lord Jesus Christ
as the first-fruits of our gifts. The aforesaid portion of territory indeed,
had been formerly subject to the domain which is called Crundel, which I
devoutly restoring, as formerly Edred the king and then my father Edgar had
done, have taken measures by a new Deed to firmly establish by the help of the
grace of the Lord so that it should comprise fifty manses united in one
(property). The five manses which I add over and above the others, one
Ethelbriht the steward gave to my father as by right of inheritance, but the
charters of the land, mislaid or rather abstracted by theft, if found by
anyone let them be restored to God's church, this (charter) however remaining
in force for a memorial of us for ever. Let the foresaid domain with its
defined and known limits be free from every burden of land service; three only
excepted, namely, any warlike undertaking duly sanctioned, and the repair of
bridges or fortresses. If, therefore, any one shall wish to transfer this
gift to any other purpose than which we have appointed, let him and his
accomplices, deprived of membership ((Page 9)) of the holy church of God, be
punished by the fires of doleful hell, together with Judas the betrayer of
Christ, if he shall not have made due satisfaction for his offence against our
decree. This charter was written in the year from the Incarnation of our Lord
979, these witnesses consenting whose names are affixed.
These are the five hides' land boundaries at Suthtune:- First to Wifele's
mere, then down to the slade; along the slades six acres broad, then up by the
half furlong upon the straight landmark to the broken hill; from that hill out
on the road, along the road to the boundary-slade, from that slade in at
Witmunde's lea, then by the tree-stubs along the wood to the white dike; from
the white dike to Effingham, then to Trundlesham at its lower end, from
Trundlesham to Oak's dean gate, from the gate to Gistrelde's-well; from the
well to Hemstede's gate, from Hemstede's gate forth by the road, back to
Wifele's mere.
I, Ethelred the King, grant the aforesaid donation +. I, Dunstan,
Archbishop of the church of Canterbury, have signed it +. I, Oswald,
Archbishop ((of the church of York)) have confirmed it +. I, Ethelwold, the
Bishop have corroborated it +. I, Elfthritha + the Queen. I, Oscar, + Abbat.
I, Godwine, + Abbat.
Winton). It is of later date and very debased.
Ses beon se boundes bitwene Krundale and Elvetham. AErest fraem se
Eldefordae andlang weyes forth birest Foghelmaesh %anne to %e wolfputte %aenne
to % herepath %aenne andlange herepathe to brughteacre %aenne andlaend ri%e on
bromhurst %aenne andlang bourne to %e marke of Crundele.
Translation. These are the boundaries between Krundale and Elvetham.
First from the old ford along the road, thence eastward (?) to Foghelmersh,
then to the wolfpit, then to the highway, and then along the highway to
Brughteacre (Brightfield ?), then along the river (?) to Bromhurst, then along
the bourn to the boundary of Crundele.
((13th April, 979.)) Hic annotatum est qualiter AElno%us venit Wintoniam,
Dominica die Palmarum anno secundo postquam A%elredus regnum adeptus est, et
posuit cartam manerii de Crundel, quae Wlurico fratri suo facta fuerat, super
altare Beati Petri veteris monasterii, et protestatus est in nomine Sanctae
Trinitatis qui est unus Deus qui omnia creavit, ut illa libertas sive
restitutio ita remaneret sine lite vel contradictione in eodem loco sancto,
ubi Edredus rex dominus suus qui eum ad plenam probitatem erexerat requiescit.
Quod si aliquis hoc in ((Page 10)) aliud pervertere velit, sive sit suae
parentelae sive non sit, fiat ille inimicus Deo et omnibus sanctis, et in
aeternis poenis inferni damnatus cum Juda qui Domini traditor fuit, nisi hoc
antc exitum suum emendet. Hoc factum est AE%elredi regis assensu, anno Domini
D CCCC LXXIX. Hujus rei testes fuerunt A%elwoldus Episcopus et ceteri.
Codex Winton, fol. 113b (115b), Add. MS. 15350.
13th April, 979. It is here recorded how Elnoth came to Winchester on
Palm Sunday in the second year after Ethelred began his reign, and placed on
the altar of the Blessed Peter at the Old Monastery, the charter which his
brother Ulric had granted of the manor of Crundel. And he protested in the
name of the Holy Trinity, the one God who created all things, that that gift
or restitution should remain, without suit or contention, unto the same holy
place where his lord King Edred lies buried, who had raised him to his high
rank. And that if any one attempted to divert this (benefaction) to other
uses, whether he were one of his own kin or not, he should be accounted an
enemy to God and to all his saints, and be condemned to the eternal pains of
hell with Judas the betrayer of his Master, unless he should make restitution
before his death. This was done with the assent of King Ethelred, in the year
of our Lord 979. Bishop Ethelwold and others were witnesses of this act.
Ipse Episcopus (Walchelinus) tenet Crundele. Semper fuit in aecclesia.
Ibi fuerunt 1 hidae. Tempore Regis Edwardi et tunc et modo geldaverunt pro xl
hidis. Terra est xxix carucatae. In dominio sunt iiij carucatae et xlv
villani et xj bordarii cum xxv carucatis. Ibi aecclesia de xx solidis et xij
servi. Silva de quatuor xxti porcis de pasnagio. Tempore Regis Edwardi
valebat xv libras et x solidos, et post vj libras; modo xxiiij libras.
De terra hujus Manerii tenet Germanus de episcopo viij hidas in Ticelle
et in Cove. Leuuinus et Uluuardus tenuerunt in paragio de episcopo et non
potuerunt ire quolibet. Quisque babuit aulam. Quando Germanus recepit non nisi
una aula fuit. In dominio habet iij carucatas et xx villanos et x bordarios
cum vj carucatis; et vj servos et molinum de iij solidis et ij acris prati
Silva de xv porcis ((de)) pasnagio. Valuit vj libras, et post xl solidos; modo
viij libras.
((Page 11))
De eodem manerio tenet Willelmus iij virgatas de episcopo in Beddeleie:
Aluricus tenuit de episcopo quasi villanus. Ibi est una carucata cum j
bordario et iiij servis.
De eodem manerio tenet Turstinus vij hidas in Sudtune. Justanus et Lefsi
tenuerunt de episcopo in paragio, sed non potuerunt ire quolibet, et ijas
aulas habuerunt. Ibi sunt in dominio iij carucatae et iij villani et iiij
bordarii cum dimidia carucata. Tempore Regis Edwardi valebat vij libras et
modo similiter. Cum receptum iiij libras.
Odinus de Windesores tenet de eodem manerio iij hidas in Ferneborga de
episcopo. Aluuinus tenuit de episcopo in paragio et non potuit ire quolibet.
Ibi modo in dominio j carucata et vij villani et iiij bordarii cum iij
carucatis. Ibi v servi et molinus de x denariis et iij acrae prati. Silva de
vj porcis. Tempore Regis Edwardi et modo valet lx solidos. Cum receptum xl
solidos.
The Bishop himself holds Crundele. It always belonged to the church.
There were fifty hides. In the time of King Edward ((the Confessor)), as well
as now,{1. King Ethelred's Charter, written about the year 984, giving the
extent of the various Manors belonging to the Bishoprick, gives the extent of
Crondal as 50 hides- 'To Crundelan 1 hida.'} they were assessed at forty
hides. The land is twenty nine carucates. There are four carucates in
demesne and forty-five villeins and eleven borderers with twenty five
carucates. There is a church there worth twenty shillings; and twelve serfs.
Woods for the pannage of four-score hogs. In the time of King Edward it was
worth #15. 10s., and afterwards #6, and now #24.
Of the land of this manor German holds of the Bishop eight hides in
Ticelle ((Itchil)) and in Cove. Lewin and Ulward held them in parcenary of the
Bishop, and were not able to remove. Each of them had a hall; but when German
received it there was only one hall. He has three carucates in demesne, and
twenty villeins and ten borderers with six carucates; also six serfs and a
mill worth 3s., and two acres of meadow. There are woods for the pannage of
fifteen hogs. It was #6, and afterwards 40s., and now #8.
Of the same manor William holds three virgates of the Bishop in
Beddeleie. Aluric as a villein held (the same) of the Bishop. There is one
carucate there, with one borderer and four serfs.
Of the same manor Turstin holds seven hides in Sudtune ((Sutton)). Justan
and Lefsi held of the Bishop in parcenary, but were not able to ((Page 12))
remove, and they had two halls. There are three carucates in demesne there,
and three villeins and four borderers with half a carucate. In the time of
King Edward it was worth #7, and is now worth the same. When received it was
worth #4.
Odin de Windesores holds of the same manor three hides in Ferneberga
((Farnborough)) of the Bishop. Alwin held it of the Bishop in parcenary, and
was not able to remove. There is now one carucate there in demesne, and seven
villeins and four borderers with three carucates. There are five serfs there
and a mill worth 10d., and three acres of meadow. There are woods for six
hogs. In the time of King Edward and now it was worth 60s. When received it
was worth 40s.
H((enricus)), Rex Anglorum et Dux Normannorum et Aquitannorum et Comes
Andegavorum, Henrico ((de Blois)), Wintoniensi Episcopo, salutem. Mando vobis
quod sine dilacione plenum rectum teneatis priori et conventui Sancti Swithuni
Wintoniae, de duobus hidis terrae quas clamant, quas Richerius Archidiaconus
tenuit de dominio suo de Suttona in hundredo de Crundel pro xx solidis inde
annuatim reddendis, quas monachi de Waverlega injuste occupaverunt super eos.
Et nisi feceritis, Vicecomes meus de Hamtescira faciat fieri ne inde amodo
clamorem audiam pro penuria recti. Teste R((icardo)), Archidiacono Pictaviae,
apud Windesores.
Henry, King of the English and Duke of the Normans and Aquitanians{1.
Henry II. became Duke of Aquitaine in 1152. and Richard Toclive Archdeacon of
Poitiers about 1562. In March, 1163. he was with the King at Windsor. Bishop
Henry de Blois died on 9th August, 1171.} and Earl of the Angevians, to Henry
((de Blois)), Bishop of Winchester, greeting. I order you without delay to do
full justice to) the Prior and convent of Saint Swithun's, Winchester, as to
the two hides of land which they claim, which - Richer the Archdeacon{2.
Richer occurs as Archdeacon of Winchester in 1124 and in 1128; and Josceline
de Bohun, Archdeacon of Winchester was elected Bishop of Salisbury in 1142.
Archdeacon Richer's name is entered in the ancient Register, or Liber Vitae,
of Hyde Abbey, Folio 29, under the heading Isti quoque specialiter se
devoverent. - Richerius, Archidiaconus; frater noster, monachus et sacerdos.}
held of their demesne of Sutton in the hundred of Crundel for 20s. paid
therefrom yearly, which the monks of Waverley have unjustly seized, against
them. And unless you do this, my Sheriff of Hampshire shall cause it to be
done, that I may hear no complaint for the lack of justice therein. Witnessed
by Richard, Archdeacon of Poitiers, at Windsor.
((Page 13))
The following particulars relating to Crondal were set forth preparatory
to the pleadings, held before King Edward I. and his council, at Aberconway,
in July, 1284, when the long continued disputes between the Bishops of
Winchester and the monks, which originated from Bishop Walkelin's arbitrary
appropriation and division of the Cathedral estates, were amicably settled.{1.
The negotiations for the settlement of these disputes were commenced in June,
1278, during the episcopate of Bishop Nicholas de Ely; and among other
requests the Convent asked that the churches of Droxford, Havant, and Crondal
with the adjacent chapels, assigned for the maintenance of the lights in the
Cathedral Church, should be restored to them.}
((MAY, 1284.)) Haec sunt servicia quae Prior Sancti Swithuni Wyntoniae et
tenentes sui de Crondale, tam liberi quam servi, debent Domino Episcopo
Wintoniensi.
In primis, quod omnos tenentes, tam liberi quam servi, debent duas sectas
per annum coram senescallo domini Episcopi a la Blakehethfelde,{2. It is
called Blakehetfeld in a duplicate copy (Register of Bishop Pontissara, fol.
206), and there is an additional paragraph given. - "Item, Prior debet sequi
ad curiam de Farnham de tribus septimanis in tres septimanas." There is also
a variation in the wording of the next paragraph, - "Item, Dominus Prior et
homines sui, tam liberi quam servi, de manerio de Crundale, quilibet pro
porcione sua, quociens necesse fuerit, debent claudere circa parcum de Farnham
ad longitudinem duarnm leucarum et dimidise." And in the last paragraph the
words between sui and justiciam are, - "munere, favore, vel quandocunque alio
modo negant facere": and after the word potestatem, "ad primum hundredum de
Blaketfeld"} quae est in manerlo de Farnham, quae duae sectae sunt vocatae Wue
de Francplegge.
Item, dictus Prior et homines sui de Crondale debent claudere parcum
Episcopi de Farnham, tam liberi quam servi; unusquisque pro porcione propria
debet claudore parcum, quae claustura continet duas leucas terrae et dimidiam.
Et licebit domino Episcopo, si inveniatur aliquis defectus clausturae
circa praedictum parcum, quod dicti homines, tam liberi quam servi, per
ballivum suum de Farnham distringantur et emendae fiant.
Item, dictus Prior dabit parcario domini Episcopi de Farnham per annum
unum quartorium frumenti.
Item, dictus parcarius habebit in manerio de Crondale, de qualibet
virgata terrae, unum bussellum avenarum cumulatum, et decem ova.
Item, ubi Prior, senescallus suus, et alii ministri sui, munere vel
favore negant facere justiciam alicui petenti de hundredo de Crondale....
dominus Episcopus Wintoniensis et senescallus suus habent potestatem ad primum
legeday apud Blakehethfelde, ubi duo hundreda conveniunt, ipsam injuriam
inquirere, terminare et emendas inde recipere.
Register of John de Pontissara, Bishop of Winchester, fol. 177.
((Page 14))
These are the services which the Prior of Saint Swithun's, Winchester,
and his tenants of Crondale, as well the freemen as the bondmen, owe to the
Lord Bishop of Winchester.
In the first place, that all the tenants, the freemen as well as the
bondmen, owe two suits a year before the steward of the Lord Bishop at the
Blackheathfield, which is in the manor of Farnham, which two suits are called
Wue de Francplegge.
Also, the said Prior and his men of Crondale, are bound to enclose the
Bishop's Park at Farnham, the freemen as well as the bondmen; each one
according to his own share ought to enclose the park, which enclosure
comprises two and a half leagues of land.
And it shall be lawful for the Lord Bishop, if any default is found in
the enclosure of the aforesaid park, that the said men, the free as well as
the bond, should be distrained by his bailiff of Farnham and amends made.
Also, the said Prior shall give to the Lord Bishop's park keeper at
Farnham a quarter of wheat yearly.
Also, the said park-keeper shall have in the manor of Crondale, from each
virgate of land, a bushel of oats, heaped measure, and ten eggs.
Also, when the Prior, his steward, and his other ministers shall for a
bribe, or through partiality, refuse to do justice to any plaintiff of the
hundred of Crondale, the Lord Bishop of Winchester and his steward have power
at the first lawday at Blackheathfield, where the two hundreds assemble, to
make inquisition as to and terminate this wrong and to exact amends therein.
Articles agreed upon with the assent of the Lord Bishop, John de
Pontissara, and Brother William Basynges the Prior and the entire Chapter of
Winchester, so that perpetual peace should be established between them.
((5TH JUNE, 1284.)) Haec sunt servicia quae tenentes prioris de Crundalle
debent, tam liberi quam servi, ad manerium de Farnham.
Articulus Episcopi. In primis, Prior et omnes tenentes sui de Crundalle,
tam liberi quam servi, debent duas sectas per annum coram senescallo domini
Episcopi apud Blakehethfylde quae est in manerio de Farnham.
Responsio Conventus. Ad hoc dicunt quod liberi pro se respondeant. Et
Prior dicit quod nullam debet ibi sectam, set sui servi homines debent bis per
annum apparere apud la Blakehethfelde, sed nichil respondere ibidem.
((Page 15))
Articulus Episcopi. Item, Prior debet sequi curiam de Farnham de tribus
septimanis in tres septimanas. Et hoc fecit tempore Adomari electi.
Responsus Conventus. Ad hoc dicunt, negando sectam simpliciter.
Articutus Episcopi. Item, dictus Prior et homines, tam liberi quam
servi, de manerio de Crundalle, quilibet pro porcione sua, quociens necesse
fuerit, debet claudere circa parcum de Farnham ad longitudinem duarum leucarum
et dimidiae. Et licebit domino Episcopo, si inveniatur aliquis defectus
clausurae praedictae, quod dicti homines, tam liberi quam servi, per ballivum
de Farnham distringantur et emendae fiant.
Responsio Conventus. Ad hoc dicunt quod homines servi de Crundalle
claudent circa parcum praedictum, pro qualibet virgata terrae, unam perticam
et non plus. Et homines de Suttone claudent in communi circa eundem parcum
iiij perticas. Et liberi homines pro so respondeant.
Articulus Episcopi. Item, dictus Prior dabit parcario de Farnham dicti
Episcopi per annum unum quarterium frumenti.
Responsio Conventus. Ad hoc dicunt quod ballivi sui sine assensu Prioris
fecerunt, et postquam ex debito petebatur omnino sibi subtraxerunt, et Prior
qui modo est, nunquam solvit nec eciam praedecessor suus.
Articulus Episcopi. Item, dictus parcarius habebit in manerio Prioris de
Crundalle de qualibet virgata terrae unum busellum avenarum cumulatum, et
decem ova.
Responsio Conventus. Ad hoc dicunt quod homines sui aliquando hoc
fecerunt, sine assensu Prioris pro voluntate sua, et aliquando subtraxerunt
pro voluntate sua; ita quod nichil potest petere ex debito.
Articulus Episcopi. Item, ubi Prior et senescallus suns et alii ministri
sui, munore, favore vel quocunque alio modo negant facere justiciam alicui
petenti de hundredo de Crundalle, dominus Episcopus Wintoniensis et
seneseallus suus habent potestatem ad primum hundredum apud Blakehethfelde
ipsam injuriam inquirere, terminare, et emendam inde recipere.
Responsio Conventus. Ad hoc respondent hoc negando omnino, quia non
habet jus se intromittere de curiis Prioris, quia, si homines servi - non
habent refugium nisi ad dominum suum, si vero liberi - solus Rex et
justiciarii sui debent audire et terminare querelas de falso judicio.
5TH JUNE, 1284. These are the services which the tenants of the Prior
(of Saint Swithun's, Winchester) at Crundale, freemen as well as bondmen, owe
to the manor of Farnham.
The Bishop's article. In the first place, the Prior and all his tenants
of Crundale, free as well as bond, owe two suits of court yearly, before ((Page
16)) the Lord Bishop's steward at Blackheathfield, which is in the manor of
Farnham.
The Convent's answer. They say to this that the freemen can answer for
themselves. And the Prior says that he owes no suit there, but that his bond
men ought to appear twice a year at the Blackheath field, but not to answer
anything there.
The Bishop's article. Also, the Prior ought to attend the court held
every third week at Farnham. And this he did in the time of Adomar the
(Bishop) elect. ((A.D. 1251-1260.))
The Convent's answer. They answer to this, simply denying suit.
The Bishop's article. Also, the said Prior and the men of the manor of
Crundale, free as well as bond, each one for his share, as often as it shall
be necessary, ought to fence round the Park of Farnham to the extent of two
leagues and a half. And it shall be lawful for the Lord Bishop if any defect
be found in the aforesaid enclosing, that the said men, free as well as bond,
be distrained upon by the bailiff of Farnham and make amends.
The Convent's answer. They say to this that the bondmen of Crundale
shall enclose round the aforesaid park for each virgate of land, one perch and
not more. And the men of Sutton shall enclose in common four perches round
the same park. And let the freemen answer for themselves.
The Bishop's article. Also, the said Prior shall give to the Bishop's
park-keeper of Farnham a quarter of wheat a year.
The Convent's answer. They say to this that their bailiffs did it
without the assent of the Prior, and after it was demanded as a due, it was
altogether withdrawn, and the Prior who now is never paid it, nor his
predecessor either.{1. Adam de Farnham, who was was appointed Prior in
February or March, 1278-9.}
The Bishop's article. Also, the said park-keeper shall have in the
Prior's manor of Crundale, from every virgate of land, a bushel of oats heaped
measure, and ten eggs.
The Convent's answer. They say to this that their men did this
sometimes, without the assent of the Prior, at their own free will, and
sometimes they withdrew it at their own free will; so that he (the parkkeeper)
can demand nothing as his due.
The Bishop's article. Also, where the Prior and his steward and his
other ministers for a bribe, or through partiality, or in any other manner,
refuse to do justice to any plaintiff of the hundred of Crundale, the Lord
Bishop of Winchester and his steward have power at the first hundred (court)
at Blackheathfield to enquire, terminate, and amend this wrong.
((Page 17))
The Convent's answer. They answer to this that it is altogether to be
denied, because he has no right to intrude himself in the Prior's courts;
because, if bondmen, they have no refuge except to their lord, and if freemen,
the King alone and his justices ought to hear and terminate complaints of a
false judgment.
((MAY, 1286.)) Breve Regis Vicecomiti Suthamptoniae, quod venire faciat
coram Justiciariis suis, apud Farnham, tot legales homines.
EDWARDUS, Dei gracia Rex Angliae, Dominus Hiberniae, et Dux Aquitanniae,
Vicecomiti Suthamptoniae, salutem. Praecipimus tibi quod venire facias coram
dilectis et fidelibus nostris, J((ohanne)) de Kirkeby, Thoma de Weylaunde, et
Radulpho de Hengham, apud Farnham, die Jovis in Septimana Pentecostes ((sexto
die Junii)) triginta sex tam milites quam alios liberos et legales homines de
visneto chacearum et warennorum venerabilis patris J((ohannis)), Episcopi
Wyntoniensis, et Prioris Sancti Swithuni Wyntoniae, et qui nec praedictum
Episcopum nec praedictum Priorem aliqua affinitate attingunt,{1. Attingat in
MS.} ad returnum super sacramentum suum qualiter et ubi praedictus Episcopus
currere debet, et praedecessores sni currere consueverunt, in boscis et terris
praedicti Prioris et hominum suorum, et qualiter et ubi praedictus Prior
currere debet, et praedecessores sui currere consueverunt, in terris et boscis
praedicti Prioris et hominum suorum et in terris et boscis praedicti Episcopi
et hominum suorum tempore Adelmari, Johannis, et Nicholai, Episcoporum
Wyntoniensium, praedecessorum praedicti Episcopi. Teste R((adulpho)) de
Hengham.
E Registro domini, domini Johannis de Pontissara, Wintoniensis Episcopi, fol. 117b.
((6 JUNE, 1286.)) Inquisicio capta super chaceis Domini Johannis, Dei
gracia Episcopi Wyntoniensis, de Farnham et aliis chaceis.{2. There is another
copy of this Inquisition in folio 173b-174 of Bishop Pontissara's which omits
the commencement and the jurors' names. It begins Jurati dicunt super etc.
The bracketed words occur only in this copy, and the other variations are
annexed as notes to the text.}
Inquisicio capta coram Johanne de Kirkeby, R((adulpho)) de Hengham,
Nicholao de Stapeltone, Nicholao le Gras, apud Farnham, die Jovis in septimana
Pentecostes, anno regni Regis Edwardi xiiijo, per subscriptos; videlicet, per
Walterum de Everesle, Thomam Peverel de Mannesbrugge, Thomam Peverel de
Blechengtone in Sussexia, Ricardum de Burhunte, milites; Adam de Rippelinge,
Galfridum Hamelin, Robertum Helion, Nicholaum de Ichene, Thomam Spirkot,
Henricum ((Page 18)) de Fraxino, Augustinum de Berkham, Johannem de Colemere, et
Thomam de Lemintone, juratos. Qui dicunt super sacramentum suum quod
praedictus Episcopus currere debet, et omnes praedecessores sui currere
consueverunt, in omnibus terris et boscis ipsius Episcopi et hominum suorum,
((et)) in omnibus terris et boscis Prioris Wyntoniae et hominum suorum per totum
Comitatum Suthamptoniae. Dicunt eciam quod praedictus Prior currere debet, et
omnes praedecessores sui currere consueverunt, in omnibus terris et boscis
ipsius{1. praedicti.} Prioris et hominum suorum per totum Comitatum
Suthamptoniae, exceptis terris et boscis quae sunt in Chacca de Crundale et in
partibus{2. pertinenciis.} ejusdem Chaciae, ubi praedictus Prior currere non
debet, nec praedecessores sui currero consueverunt. Dicunt eciam {3. enim for
eciam.} quod praedicta Chacea de Crundale fuit aliquo tempore Foresta Regis,
usque ad tempus Petri de Roches, quondam Episcopi Wytoniensis, qui Chaceam
illam perquisivit de Domino Rege. Et, post illam empcionem,{4.
Perquisicionem} praedictus Petrus et omnes successores sui currere
consueverunt, absque hoc, quod Prior vel praedecessores sui in ea currere
consuevernnt. Et excepta quadam antiqua warenna{5. The MS. has- Et extra
quandam antiquam Warennam; the second copy, however gives the words as
printed.} quam Episcopus habet in occidenti{6 Orienti; occidenti is a clerical
error in the MS.} Wyntoniae, in qua praedictus Prior currere non debet, neque
in terris suis propriis neque in alienis. Et est praedicta Warenna sic
bundata, scilicet a porta orientali Wyntoniae descendendo per aquam de Ichene
usque ad Biterne{7 Byterne.} versus australem {8 austrum.} et ((versus))
orientem ascendendo per ((praedictam)) aquam, sicut blancum cheminum ducit
versus Tuesgate,{9. Tuewelgate.} et sic per medium forinsecum ((per)) capud
longbosci{10. Longi Bosci.} usque ad Blakehegge, et dehinc usque
Melleborwe.{11. Melleborewe.} et sic ad blancum cheminum de Warneford,{12
Werneford.} et sic in longum aquae usque in {13 in omitted.} Astlingford, {14
Mastlingford.} et sic apud Coliersford,{15 Colyerford.} apud {16 usque}
Kernebregge et sic in brachio maris. Et quaesiti si praedictus Prior currere
debet alicubi in terris praedicti Episcopi, dicunt quod sit in tribus locis,
scilicet in grava de Sidelee{17 Sydelees.} et in gravis et boscis de Craule{18
Croulee.} excepto intrinseco bosco, et in terris tenencium praedicti
Episiscopi in Pette.{19. Petthe.}
((Ibid, fol. 194b.))
MAY, 1286. A Royal Writ to the Sheriff of the County of Southampton,
that he should summon before the King's Justices at Farnham so many loyal men.
EDWARD, by the grace of God King of England, Lord of Ireland, and Duke of
Aquitaine, to the Sheriff of Southampton, greeting. We ((Page 19)) direct that
you shall have in attendance, before our beloved and faithful John de Kirkeby,
Thomas de Weylaunde, and Ralph de Hengham, at Farnham, on Thursday in
Pentecost week ((6 June)), thirty-six knights and others, free and loyal men of
the neighbourhood of the chaces and warrens of the venerable Father, John,
Bishop of Winchester, and of the lord Prior of Saint Swithun's, Winchester,
and who are not by any affinity connected with the aforesaid Bishop or Prior;
- to certify upon their oath in what manner and where the aforesaid Bishop is
entitled to chase and his predecessors were accustomed to chase, in the woods
and lands of the aforesaid Prior and of his men; and in what manner and where
the aforesaid Prior is entitled to chase and his predecessors were accustomed
to chase, in the lands and woods of the aforesaid Prior and of his men, and in
the lands and woods of the aforesaid Bishop and of his men, in the time of
Adelmar, John, and Nicholas, Bishops of Winchester, the predecessors of the
aforesaid Bishop. Witness, Ralph de Hengham.
An Inquisition taken upon the chaces of the Lord John ((de Pontissara)),
by the grace of God Bishop of Winchester, at Farnham, and the other chaces.
6 JUNE, 1286. Inquisition taken before John de Kirkeby, Ralph de
Hengham, Nicholas de Stapeltone, and Nicholas le Gras, at Farnham, on Thursday
in Pentecost week, in the 14th year of King Edward, by the under-written
jurors; namely, Walter de Everesley, Thomas Peverel of Mainsbridge, Thomas
Peverel of Blachington in Sussex, and Richard de Burhunte, knights; Adam de
Rippelinge, Geoffrey Hamelin, Robert Helion, Nicholas de Itchen, Thomas
Spirkot, Henry de Fraxino, Augustine de Berkham, John de Colemere, and Thomas
de Lemintone. Who say upon their oath, that the aforesaid Bishop is entitled
to chase and all his predecessors were accustomed to chase, in all the lands
and woods of the Bishop and of his men, and in all the lands and woods of the
Prior of Winchester and of his men, throughout the County of Southampton.
They say also, that the aforesaid Prior is entitled to chase and all his
predecessors wore accustomed to chase, in all the lands and woods of the Prior
and of his men throughout the County of Southampton, excepting the lands and
woods which are in the Chace of Crundale and the appurtenant parts of the same
Chace, where the aforesaid Prior is not entitled to chase, nor wore his
predecessors accustomed to chase. They say also, that the aforesaid Chace of
Crundale was at one time King's Forest, and until the time of Peter de Roches,
formerly Bishop of Winchester, who purchased that Chace from the Lord King.
And after that purchase the aforesaid Peter and all his successors have been
accustomed to chase therein, but apart from this fact the Prior or his ((Page
20)) predecessors have been accustomed to chase in it. And excepting, too, a
certain ancient warren which the Bishop has to the east of Winchester in which
the aforesaid Prior ought not to chase, neither in his own lands nor in lands
belonging to other persons. And the aforesaid warren is bounded thus, namely,
from the east gate of Winchester it goes down by the water of the Itchen as
far as Bitterne towards the south, and towards the east ascending by the said
water by the white highway which leads towards Teusgate, and so right across
the country outside by the head of the Longwood as far as Blackhedge, and
thence as far as Melleberewe, and so down to the white highway of Warneford,
and so along by the water (the Tichfield River) as far as Astlingford, and so
to Colier's ford, and from Colier's ford to Kernebridge (Curbridge) and so
along the arm of the sea (the Hamble River).{1. The eastward route on leaving
the east gate was along the highway or Alresford Road to Tuesgate, a distance
about two and a half miles. A gate was placed there to intercept those who
came to the Great Fair on St. Giles' Hill, and was in fact the gate where the
dues or tolls were paid. It is singularly explained in the duplicate copy,
where the word is given as Tuewelgate (toll gate). Here the old road or
trackway on the right hand passed by the head of the Long wood to Blackhedge,
apparently the spot where the road turns off near the Warren Farmhouse, thence
to Melleberewe (Millbarrow Down), and then along the chalk road or trackway to
Warneford, where the Tichfield river commences. The boundary now follows the
course of the river to Astlingford (Mastlingford), now called Missling Ford.
Collier's Ford may have been the ford at Northfield Farm, thence the route
goes westward to Curbridge, where we reach the Hamble River, which leads us
into the Southampton Water, or arm of the sea.} And being asked if the
aforesaid Prior ought to chase anywhere in the lands of the aforesaid Bishop,
they say he should be limited to three places, namely, the grove of Sidelee,
and the groves and woods of Craule (Crawley), except the inner wood, and the
lands of the Bishop's tenants in Pette (Pit).
Among the muniments belonging to the Dean and Chapter of Winchester
Cathedral are a number of early deeds and documents, preserved in four large
folio volumes. Many of these deeds are in a very bad state of preservation,
and consequently difficult to copy. Those relating to Crondal form (with one
exception) the following series:-
Grant and quit-claim in perpetuity from John Curing, with the assent of
his wife, to the Prior and Convent of St. Swithun, of the grove called Titley,
and certain lands in Long Sutton.
((Circa 1220.)) Sciant praesentes et futuri quod ego, Johannes Curing,
assensu Feliciae uxoris meae ((tradidi, dimisi)), vendidi, et quietam clamavi
de me et haeredibus meis imperpetuum, sine aliquo retenemento, gravam illam
quae vocatur Tettelee, et totam terram meam quam habui in campo ((Page 21)) qui
vocatur Fifacre in tenemento de Longesuttone, Domino W((altero)), Priori, et
Conventui Sancti Swithuni Wintoniae pro quinque marcis argenti quas michi
dederunt, per quas me aquietavi versus Salomonem Judaeum, filium Salomonis
Judaei, de Wintonia, de debito quod ei debui, unde praedicta terra ei
impignorata fuit per cartam meam. Et praeterea doderunt Feliciae, uxori meae,
viginti denarios, et quatuor filiabus meis, scilicet, Matildi, Emmae, Aliciae,
et Aliciae, singulis quinque demarios. Hanc, autem, gravam cum praedicta terra
ego et haeredes mei warantizabimus dictis Priori et Conventui contra omnes
homines et feminas. Et, ut haec mea vendicio et quieta clamancia stabilis
perseveret et firma, eam praesenti scripto et sigilli mei apposicione
roboravi. Hiis testibus, Domino Hugone de Wingeham, Domino Reginaldo de
Cundai, Domino Galfrido de Munes, Domino Johanne de Herierd ; Hugone filio
Domini Hugonis de Wingeham, Petro de Hattinglei - tunc senescallo Domini
Prioris, Rogero de Cauz, Nicholao Dismars, Johanne Hameline, et multis aliis.
((Vol. I, No. 33.
Circa 1220. - Know all men, present and to come, that I, John Curing,
with the assent of Felicia my wife, have delivered, demised, sold, and quit-
claimed, for myself and my heirs for ever, reserving no part thereof, the
grove which is called Tittelee, and all the land which I possess in the field
which is called Fiveacre in the tenement of Long Sutton, to the lord Walter,
the Prior,{1. Elected Prior in the early part of the year 1214, as successor
to Prior Stephen, who had been elected and confirmed as Abbat of Burton (on
Trent). He occurs as Prior in 1218, 1224, 1231 and 1234, and he held the
Priorship at his death on the 10th November, 1239.} and the Convent of Saint
Swithun, Winchester, for five silver marks which they gave to me, by which I
have released myself from the debt to Salomon the Jew, son of Salomon the Jew
of Winchester, which I owed him, and for which the aforesaid land was pledged
to him by my charter. And, moreover, they gave to Felicia, my wife, twenty
pence, and to my four daughters, namely, Matilda, Emma, Alice, and Alice, five
pence each. And I and my heirs will warrant this grove, together with the
aforesaid land, to the said Prior and Convent against all men and women. And
that this my sale and quit-claim may remain stable and firm, I have confirmed
it by the present writing and the affixing of my seal. These being
witnesses,- Sir Hugh de Wingeham, Sir Reginald de Cundai, Sir Galfrid de
Munes, Sir John de Herierd ((knights)); Hugh, son of Sir Hugh de Wingeham, Peter
de Hattinglei - the Lord Prior's steward, Roger de Cauz, Nicholas Dismars,
John Hameline, and many others.{2 These witnesses occur as living in the reign
of King John and in the earlier years of Henry III. Peter de Hattingley was
holding the office of Steward in 1219 and in 1224; but after this his name
disappears. In the Pipe Roll for the 21st year of Bishop Peter de Rupibus
(1225-1226) is an entry of a payment to John de Herierd on account of expenses
in some law proceedings against Gilbert de Hattingley. who was probably the
heir or executor of Peter de Hattingley. Roger de Cauz was brother to Galfrid
de Cauz, clerk to Bishop Peter de Rupibus, and Rector of Ringwood from
January, 1213-4, till September, 1219. Nicholas Dismars died during the
episcopate of Peter de Rupibus, and the Bishop granted the marriage of his
widow and the wardship of his heir to John de Clere. of the parish of
Crondal.}
((Page 22))
Grant by the Prior and Convent of St. Swithun to their bailiff Henry,
called the hunter, and to his heirs, of the land at Burghe in Crookham which
Edmund de Burghe formerly held in villeinage.
((NOVEMBER, 1257.)) Universis Christi fidelibus, ad quos praesentes
literae pervenerint Andreas, permissione divina Prior Sancti Swithuni
Wintoniae, et ejusdem loci Conventus, salutem in Domino. Noveritis nos
unanimi assensu dedisse, concessisse, et hac praesenti carta nostra
confirmasse, Henrico dicto venatori, tunc ballivo nostro, et haeredibus suis,
pro servicio suo, totam terram de Burghe in Crokham, quam Edmundus de Burghe
quondam tenuit de nobis in villenagio, cum omnibus suis pertinenciis.
Habendum et tenendum jure haereditano dicto Henrico et haeredibus suis
inperpetuum a nobis et successoribus nostris, libere, quiete, integre, et
pacifice, in pratis, in planis, in tenementis, in pasturis, in molendinis, in
aquis, in serviciis et omnibus aliis liberis consuetudinibus. Reddendo inde
nobis et successoribus nostris annuatim lxta solidos legalium sterlingorum, ad
festum Beati Michaelis, pro omni servicio seculari, consuetudine, exaccione,
seu demanda, salvis seecis curiae nostrae, et salva parci claustura quam
dictum tenementum quondam solebat facere. Et si contigerit dictum Henricum
decedere sine haerede de se procreato, volumus quod tota praedicta terra in
pristinum statum villenagii sicut prius erat revertatur, sine contradiccione
alicujus vel reclamacione. Nos, autem, totam praedictam terram et
tenementum, cum suis pertinenciis omnibus, dicto Henrico et haeredibus suis,
sicut est antedictum, per praedictum servicium contra omnes gentes
warantizabimus inperpetuum et defendemus. Pro hac, autem, donacione,
concessione, et praesentis cartae confirmacione, dedit nobis idem Henricus xxx
marcas sterlingorum praemanibus. Et in hujus rei testimonium praesenti
scripto sigillum Capituli nostri apposuimus. Hiis testibus, - Galfrido de
Wingeham, Petro de Mones, Willelmo de la Bertone, Nicholao de Ychene, Roberto
de Clere, Nicholao de Dupeham, R. de Recham, Roberto de Colevile, et aliis.
Actum in Capitulo nostro mense Novembris, anno Domini Mo. CCo. lvij.
Translation:-
NOVEMBER, 1257. - To all the faithful in Christ to whom these present
letters shall come Andrew, by divine permission Prior of St. ((Page 23))
Swithun's, Winchester, and the Convent of the same place, send greeting in our
Lord. Know ye that, with unanimous assent, we have given and granted, and by
this our present charter have confirmed, to Henry, called the hunter, our
bailiff at the time, and to his heirs, for his service, all the land at Burghe
in Crokham, which Edmund de Burghe formerly held of us in villeinage, with all
the appurtenances thereof. To have and to hold by hereditary right to the
said Henry and his heirs for ever, from us and our successors, freely,
quietly, entirely, and peacefully, in meadows, plains, tenements, pastures,
mills, waters, services and all other free customs. Paying thence annually to
us and to our successors 60s. of lawful money, on the feast of the Blessed
Michael, for all secular service, custom, exaction, or demand, saving the
suits of our Court, and saving the enclosure of the park which formerly was
made by the said tenement. And our will is that if the said Henry shall
happen to die leaving no heir of his body, all the aforesaid land should
revert to its original state of villeinage as it was before, without
contradiction or reclamation of anyone. And we will warrant and defend all
the aforesaid land and tenements, with all the appurtenances thereof, for
ever, to the said Henry and his heirs as aforesaid for the before mentioned
service. For this grant and gift and confirmation of the present charter the
said Henry has given to us thirty marks sterling (#20) in hand. And in
testimony thereof we have affixed to this Writing the seal of our Chapter.
These being witnesses, - Galfrid de Wingeham, Peter de Mones, William de la
Bertone, Nicholas de Itchen, Robert de Clere, Nicholas de Dupeham, R. de
Recham, Robert de Colevile, and others. Done in our Chapter in the month of
November, A.D. 1257.
Grant by Bishop Henry Wodelok to the Prior and Convent of St. Swithun's,
of his tenants at Cove, and of certain tenants at Eweshot, granted to him by
Sir John Giffard, knight.